{"id":744,"date":"2024-07-02T17:32:57","date_gmt":"2024-07-02T09:32:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/?p=744"},"modified":"2024-07-02T17:32:57","modified_gmt":"2024-07-02T09:32:57","slug":"js-3-19-%e5%9c%a8%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%ad%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/?p=744","title":{"rendered":"JS &#8211; 3-19 \u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Cookie, document.cookie<\/h1>\n<p>Cookie \u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u4e32\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7531\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc6265\">RFC 6265<\/a>\u00a0\u89c4\u8303\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<br \/>\nCookie \u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u54cd\u5e94\u00a0<code>Set-Cookie<\/code>\u00a0HTTP-header 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\/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u5c5e\u6027\u4ece\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u5173\u4e8e cookie \u53ca\u5176\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u4ece document.cookie \u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f60\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u672c\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u4efb\u4f55 cookie\uff1f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u5728 javascript.info\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u8c37\u6b4c\u5206\u6790\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\n\/\/ \u6240\u4ee5\u5e94\u8be5\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b cookie\nalert( document.cookie ); \/\/ cookie1=value1; cookie2=value2;...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u503c\u7531\u00a0<code>name=value<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u00a0<code>;<\/code>\u00a0\u5206\u9694\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 cookie\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u00a0<code>;<\/code>\u00a0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u5c06\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216\u8005\u6570\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7559\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u5f53\u4f5c\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u7684\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c cookie \u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5199\u5165 document.cookie<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5165\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.javascript.info\/property-accessors\">\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\uff08getter\/setter\uff09<\/a>\u3002\u5bf9\u5176\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u88ab\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u5bf9\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ea\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684 cookie\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6 cookie\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6b64\u8c03\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u00a0<code>user<\/code>\u00a0\u4e14\u503c\u4e3a\u00a0<code>John<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 cookie\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">document.cookie = &quot;user=John&quot;; \/\/ \u53ea\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a user \u7684 cookie\nalert(document.cookie); \/\/ 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my%20name=John%20Smith\ndocument.cookie = encodeURIComponent(name) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value);\n\nalert(document.cookie); \/\/ ...; my%20name=John%20Smith\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u9650\u5236<br \/>\n\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>encodeURIComponent<\/code>\u00a0\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7684\u00a0<code>name=value<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7 4KB\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a cookie \u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57df\u7684 cookie \u603b\u6570\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc7 20+ \u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u9650\u5236\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Cookie \u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b83\u3002<br \/>\n\u9009\u9879\u88ab\u5217\u5728\u00a0<code>key=value<\/code>\u00a0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u00a0<code>;<\/code>\u00a0\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">document.cookie = &quot;user=John; path=\/; expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>path<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>path=\/mypath<\/code><\/strong><br \/>\nurl \u8def\u5f84\u524d\u7f00\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u8be5\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u9875\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5 cookie\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a cookie \u5e26\u6709\u00a0<code>path=\/admin<\/code>\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5 cookie 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cookie\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u00a0<code>other.com<\/code>\u00a0\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u5728\u00a0<code>site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684 cookie\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5b89\u5168\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5e94\u8be5\u4ec5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ad9\u70b9\u4e0a\u53ef\u7528\u7684 cookie \u4e2d\u3002<br \/>\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0ccookie \u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u57df\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0ccookie \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5171\u4eab\u7ed9\u5b50\u57df\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>forum.site.com<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728 site.com \u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 cookie\u2026\u2026\ndocument.cookie = &quot;user=John&quot;\n\n\/\/ \u2026\u2026\u5728 forum.site.com \u57df\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\nalert(document.cookie); \/\/ \u6ca1\u6709 user\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5141\u8bb8\u50cf\u00a0<code>forum.site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b50\u57df\u5728\u00a0<code>site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e cookie\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u5728\u00a0<code>site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e cookie \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5c06\u00a0<code>domain<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6839\u57df\uff1a<code>domain=site.com<\/code>\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u57df\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u5728 site.com\n\/\/ \u4f7f cookie \u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u57df *.site.com \u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\ndocument.cookie = &quot;user=John; domain=site.com&quot;\n\n\/\/ \u4e4b\u540e\n\n\/\/ \u5728 forum.site.com\nalert(document.cookie); \/\/ \u6709 cookie user=John\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\uff0c<code>domain=.site.com<\/code>\uff08<code>site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u524d\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\uff09\u4e5f\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5b50\u57df\u8bbf\u95ee cookie\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e7\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u975e\u5e38\u65e7\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<br \/>\n\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0<code>domain<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5b50\u57df\u8bbf\u95ee cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>expires, max-age<\/h2>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a cookie \u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b cookie \u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a &quot;session cookie\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 cookie \u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5173\u95ed\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0<code>expires<\/code>\u00a0\u6216\u00a0<code>max-age<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT<\/code><\/strong><br \/>\ncookie \u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u9664\u8be5 cookie \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<br \/>\n\u65e5\u671f\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u91c7\u7528 GMT \u65f6\u533a\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>date.toUTCString<\/code>\u00a0\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 cookie \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 1 \u5929\u540e\u8fc7\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4 +1 \u5929\nlet date = new Date(Date.now() + 86400e3);\ndate = date.toUTCString();\ndocument.cookie = &quot;user=John; expires=&quot; + date;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u00a0<code>expires<\/code>\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5219 cookie \u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>max-age=3600<\/code><\/strong><br \/>\n\u5b83\u662f\u00a0<code>expires<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6307\u660e\u4e86 cookie \u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u8ddd\u79bb\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0 \u6216\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u5219 cookie \u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ cookie \u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\u5931\u6548\ndocument.cookie = &quot;user=John; max-age=3600&quot;;\n\n\/\/ \u5220\u9664 cookie\uff08\u8ba9\u5b83\u7acb\u5373\u8fc7\u671f\uff09\ndocument.cookie = &quot;user=John; max-age=0&quot;;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>secure<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>secure<\/code><\/strong><br \/>\nCookie \u5e94\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u901a\u8fc7 HTTPS \u4f20\u8f93\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u00a0<code>http:\/\/site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 cookie\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5 cookie \u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u00a0<code>https:\/\/site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u4e0a\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0ccookie \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u57df\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u534f\u8bae\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a cookie \u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0<code>https:\/\/site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u57df\u7684 HTTP \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>http:\/\/site.com<\/code>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a cookie \u5305\u542b\u7edd\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u672a\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u654f\u611f\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0<code>secure<\/code>\u00a0\u6807\u8bc6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5728 HTTPS \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\n\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e cookie secure\uff08\u53ea\u5728 HTTPS \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\ndocument.cookie = &quot;user=John; secure&quot;;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>samesite<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u65e8\u5728\u9632\u6b62 XSRF\uff08\u8de8\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff09\u653b\u51fb\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f55\u65f6\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b XSRF \u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>XSRF \u653b\u51fb<\/h3>\n<p>\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u767b\u5f55\u4e86\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff1a\u4f60\u6709\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1 cookie\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8bc6\u522b\u4f60\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u654f\u611f\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6d4f\u89c8\u7f51\u9875\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u00a0<code>evil.com<\/code>\u3002\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u5177\u6709\u5411\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7f51\u7ad9\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u9ed1\u5ba2\u8d26\u6237\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u8868\u5355\u00a0<code>&lt;form action=&quot;https:\/\/bank.com\/pay&quot;&gt;<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 JavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001 cookie\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8be5\u8868\u5355\u662f\u4ece\u00a0<code>evil.com<\/code>\u00a0\u63d0\u4ea4\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u94f6\u884c\u4f1a\u8bc6\u522b\u4f60\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4ed8\u6b3e\u3002<br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702154751.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702154751.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"Pasted image 20240702154751.png\"><\/div><br \/>\n\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u8de8\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff08Cross-Site Request Forgery\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 XSRF\uff09\u201d\u653b\u51fb\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u4f1a\u9632\u6b62\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7531\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8868\u5355\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684 \u201cXSRF \u4fdd\u62a4 token\u201d\uff0c\u6076\u610f\u9875\u9762\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b\u9875\u9762\u63d0\u53d6\u5b83\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u79cd token \u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u9632\u62a4\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u6240\u9700\u7684 token \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u68c0\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u8f93\u5165 cookie samesite \u9009\u9879<\/h3>\n<p>Cookie \u7684\u00a0<code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9632\u6b62\u6b64\u7c7b\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\uff08\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff09\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8981\u6c42 \u201cXSRF \u4fdd\u62a4 token\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>samesite=strict<\/code>\uff08\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u503c\u7684\u00a0<code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0\u4e00\u6837)<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u00a0<code>samesite=strict<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 cookie \u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002<br \/>\n\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u7528\u6237\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u94fe\u63a5\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u00a0<code>evil.com<\/code>\u00a0\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u57df\u4e0b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0ccookie \u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1 cookie \u5177\u6709\u00a0<code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 XSRF \u653b\u51fb\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u6210\u529f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6765\u81ea\u00a0<code>evil.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u6ca1\u6709 cookie\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4ed8\u6b3e\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u624d\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u00a0<code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0cookie\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6765\u81ea\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9875\u9762\u7684\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<br \/>\n\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u00a0<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u60ca\u8bb6\uff0c<code>bank.com<\/code>\u00a0\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u00a0<code>samesite=strict<\/code>\u00a0cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a cookie \u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a cookie \u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u4e00\u822c\u8bc6\u522b\u201d\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf4 \u201cHello, John\u201d\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u00a0<code>samesite=strict<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 cookie \u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ece\u7f51\u7ad9\u5916\u90e8\u6765\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u6b22\u8fce\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u652f\u4ed8\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4ece\u94f6\u884c\u7f51\u7ad9\u542f\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a cookie \u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>samesite=lax<\/code><\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62 XSRF \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bbd\u677e\uff08lax\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u548c\u00a0<code>strict<\/code>\u00a0\u6a21\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5f53\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u6765\u5230\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u5219\u7981\u6b62\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53d1\u9001 cookie\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5747\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u542b\u00a0<code>samesite=lax<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 cookie\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u201d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 GET \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f POST\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u7684 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u8be6\u89c1\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7231\">RFC7231 \u89c4\u8303<\/a>\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8ddf\u968f\u94fe\u63a5\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f GET\uff0c\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u6267\u884c\u9876\u7ea7\u5bfc\u822a\uff08\u66f4\u6539\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5730\u5740\u680f\u4e2d\u7684 URL\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6210\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5bfc\u822a\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<code>&lt;iframe&gt;<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u9876\u7ea7\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 JavaScript \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u5bfc\u822a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u3002<br \/>\n\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c<code>samesite=lax<\/code>\u00a0\u6240\u505a\u7684\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5141\u8bb8\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u201c\u524d\u5f80 URL\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u643a\u5e26 cookie\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ece\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u7ad9\u94fe\u63a5\u5c31\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e8b\u513f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6765\u81ea\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931 cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u9002\u5408\u4f60\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6dfb\u52a0\u00a0<code>samesite=lax<\/code>\u00a0\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<br \/>\n\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c<code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u5b83\u6709\u4e2a\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0\u4f1a\u88ab\u5230 2017 \u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5ffd\u7565\uff08\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u00a0<code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0a\u5c06\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80af\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u00a0<code>samesite<\/code>\u00a0\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 XSRF token\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6dd8\u6c70\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664 xsrf token \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>httpOnly<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u548c JavaScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u4e5f\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u3002<br \/>\nWeb \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>Set-Cookie<\/code>\u00a0header \u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e cookie\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0<code>httpOnly<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7981\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55 JavaScript \u8bbf\u95ee cookie\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u6b64\u7c7b cookie\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b cookie \u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5f53\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 JavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u5165\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u9875\u9762\u65f6\u53d1\u8d77\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u8fd9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5e94\u8be5\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7f51\u7ad9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728 bug\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9ed1\u5ba2\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u5e26\u6709\u9ed1\u5ba2 JavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u7684 cookie\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f88\u7cdf\u7cd5\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c cookie \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u00a0<code>httpOnly<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u5219\u770b\u4e0d\u5230 cookie\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u9644\u5f55\uff1aCookie \u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u6709\u5173 cookie \u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u624b\u52a8\u4fee\u6539\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f97\u591a\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8fd9\u79cd cookie \u5e93\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>getCookie(name)<\/h3>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6 cookie \u6700\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.javascript.info\/regular-expressions\">\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/a>\u3002<br \/>\n<code>getCookie(name)<\/code>\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5177\u6709\u7ed9\u5b9a\u00a0<code>name<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 cookie\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u5177\u6709\u7ed9\u5b9a name \u7684 cookie\uff0c\n\/\/ \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de undefined\nfunction getCookie(name) {\n  let matches = document.cookie.match(new RegExp(\n    &quot;(?:^|; )&quot; + name.replace(\/([\\.$?*|{}\\(\\)\\[\\]\\\\\\\/\\+^])\/g, '\\\\$1') + &quot;=([^;]*)&quot;\n  ));\n  return matches ? decodeURIComponent(matches[1]) : undefined;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u00a0<code>new RegExp<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u00a0<code>; name=&lt;value&gt;<\/code>\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f cookie \u7684\u503c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f16\u7801\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u00a0<code>getCookie<\/code>\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5185\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u00a0<code>decodeURIComponent<\/code>\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>setCookie(name, value, options)<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c06 cookie \u7684\u00a0<code>name<\/code>\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u00a0<code>path=\/<\/code>\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff09\u548c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u503c\u00a0<code>value<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">function setCookie(name, value, options = {}) {\n\n  options = {\n    path: '\/',\n    \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6dfb\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\n    ...options\n  };\n\n  if (options.expires instanceof Date) {\n    options.expires = options.expires.toUTCString();\n  }\n\n  let updatedCookie = encodeURIComponent(name) + &quot;=&quot; + encodeURIComponent(value);\n\n  for (let optionKey in options) {\n    updatedCookie += &quot;; &quot; + optionKey;\n    let optionValue = options[optionKey];\n    if (optionValue !== true) {\n      updatedCookie += &quot;=&quot; + optionValue;\n    }\n  }\n\n  document.cookie = updatedCookie;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a\nsetCookie('user', 'John', {secure: true, 'max-age': 3600});\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>deleteCookie(name)<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a cookie\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5b83\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">function deleteCookie(name) {\n  setCookie(name, &quot;&quot;, {\n    'max-age': -1\n  })\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u57df<br \/>\n\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a cookie \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e cookie \u65f6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u57df\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u9644\u5f55\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 cookie<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c cookie \u662f\u7531\u7528\u6237\u6240\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9875\u9762\u7684\u57df\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u57df\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684 banner\uff1a<code>&lt;img src=&quot;https:\/\/ads.com\/banner.png&quot;&gt;<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e banner \u4e00\u8d77\uff0c<code>ads.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e26\u6709\u00a0<code>id=1234<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 cookie \u7684\u00a0<code>Set-Cookie<\/code>\u00a0header\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b cookie \u6e90\u81ea\u00a0<code>ads.com<\/code>\u00a0\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u5728\u00a0<code>ads.com<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\uff1a<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702160452.png\" alt=\"Pasted image 20240702160452.png\"><\/li>\n<li>\u4e0b\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u00a0<code>ads.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7f51\u7ad9\u65f6\uff0c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6 cookie\u00a0<code>id<\/code>\u00a0\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u7528\u6237\uff1a<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702160508.png\" alt=\"Pasted image 20240702160508.png\"><\/li>\n<li>\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u00a0<code>site.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7f51\u7ad9\u8df3\u8f6c\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e5f\u5e26\u6709 banner \u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u00a0<code>other.com<\/code>\u00a0\u65f6\uff0c<code>ads.com<\/code>\u00a0\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u8be5 cookie\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5c5e\u4e8e\u00a0<code>ads.com<\/code>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bc6\u522b\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u5728\u4ed6\u5728\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff1a<br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702160530.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702160530.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"Pasted image 20240702160530.png\"><\/div><br \/>\n\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 cookie \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u5e7f\u544a\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u57df\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u00a0<code>ads.com<\/code>\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e4b\u95f4\u8ddf\u8e2a\u540c\u4e00\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u00a0<code>ads.com<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u8bdd\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u88ab\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u7981\u6b62\u6b64\u7c7b cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b cookie \u91c7\u53d6\u7279\u6b8a\u7b56\u7565\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Safari \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 cookie\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Firefox \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9644\u5e26\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u57df\u7684\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u5b83\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u540d\u5355\u5185\u7684\u57df\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 cookie\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u57df\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>&lt;script src=&quot;https:\/\/google-analytics.com\/analytics.js&quot;&gt;<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>document.cookie<\/code>\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 cookie\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u7c7b cookie \u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a cookie\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65e0\u8bba\u811a\u672c\u6765\u81ea\u4f55\u5904 \u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u4e2a cookie \u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u9644\u5f55\uff1aGDPR<\/h2>\n<p>\u672c\u4e3b\u9898\u548c JavaScript \u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e cookie \u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<br \/>\n\u6b27\u6d32\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u540d\u4e3a GDPR \u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u6cd5\u89c4\u9488\u5bf9\u7f51\u7ad9\u5c0a\u91cd\u7528\u6237\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684 cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4e0e\u8ddf\u8e2a\/\u8bc6\u522b\/\u6388\u6743 cookie \u6709\u5173\u3002<br \/>\n\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684 cookie\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65e2\u4e0d\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bc6\u522b\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b83\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e26\u6709\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff08session\uff09\u6216\u8ddf\u8e2a id \u7684 cookie\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\u3002<br \/>\n\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e3a\u4e86\u9075\u5faa GDPR \u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u60f3\u8981\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684 cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u9009\u6846\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u63a5\u53d7\u9690\u79c1\u653f\u7b56\u201d\uff08\u63cf\u8ff0\u600e\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 cookie\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u52fe\u9009\u5b83\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7f51\u7ad9\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1 cookie \u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u60f3\u8981\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684 cookie\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u521d\u59cb\u5c4f\u5e55\u201d\u5f39\u7a97\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u540c\u610f\u8bbe\u7f6e cookie\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u7f51\u7ad9\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e cookie\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u770b\u5230\u7f51\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u611f\u5230\u53cd\u611f\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u770b\u5230\u201c\u5fc5\u987b\u70b9\u51fb\u201d\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5c4f\u5e55\u5f39\u7a97\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f51\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f46\u662f GDPR \u8981\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u5230\u7528\u6237\u660e\u786e\u5730\u51c6\u8bb8\u3002<br \/>\nGDPR \u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca cookie\uff0c\u8fd8\u6d89\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0e\u9690\u79c1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>LocalStorage, sessionStorage<\/h1>\n<p>Web \u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0<code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5b58\u952e\/\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<br \/>\n\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u9875\u9762\u5237\u65b0\u540e\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u00a0<code>sessionStorage<\/code>\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u542f\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86 cookie\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0e cookie \u4e0d\u540c\uff0cWeb \u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u4f1a\u968f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u66f4\u591a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u90fd\u5141\u8bb8\u4fdd\u5b58\u81f3\u5c11 5MB \u7684\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6216\u66f4\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u548c cookie \u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP header \u64cd\u7eb5\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6e90\uff08\u57df\/\u534f\u8bae\/\u7aef\u53e3\u4e09\u8005\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u5b50\u57df\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f7c\u6b64\u6570\u636e\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/li>\n<li><code>setItem(key, value)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5b58\u50a8\u952e\/\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>getItem(key)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u6309\u7167\u952e\u83b7\u53d6\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>removeItem(key)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5220\u9664\u952e\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>clear()<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>key(index)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0b\u7684\u952e\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>length<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<br \/>\n\u6b63\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<code>Map<\/code>\u00a0\u96c6\u5408\uff08<code>setItem\/getItem\/removeItem<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0<code>key(index)<\/code>\u00a0\u6765\u6309\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<br \/>\n\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5427\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>localStorage \u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p><code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u540c\u6e90\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u548c\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fc7\u671f\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u91cd\u542f\u751a\u81f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u2026\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">localStorage.setItem('test', 1);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u7136\u540e\u5173\u95ed\/\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u4e00\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">alert( localStorage.getItem('test') ); \/\/ 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\uff08\u57df\/\u7aef\u53e3\/\u534f\u8bae\uff09\uff0cURL \u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u6240\u6709\u540c\u6e90\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u952e\uff0c\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e key\nlocalStorage.test = 2;\n\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6 key\nalert( localStorage.test ); \/\/ 2\n\n\/\/ \u5220\u9664 key\ndelete localStorage.test;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u952e\u662f\u7531\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>length<\/code>\u00a0\u6216\u00a0<code>toString<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c<code>getItem\/setItem<\/code>\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5219\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let key = 'length';\nlocalStorage[key] = 5; \/\/ Error\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9 length \u8fdb\u884c\u8d4b\u503c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<code>storage<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u3002\u4f46\u4ee5\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u7684\u540e\u9762\u770b\u5230\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u904d\u5386\u952e<\/h2>\n<p>\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u201c\u6309\u7167\u952e\u83b7\u53d6\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\/\u5220\u9664\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u503c\u6216\u952e\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u50cf\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\u90a3\u6837\u904d\u5386\u5b83\u4eec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">for(let i = 0; i &lt; localStorage.length; i++) {\n  let key = localStorage.key(i);\n  alert(`${key}: ${localStorage.getItem(key)}`);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>for key in localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u89c4\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\u3002<br \/>\n\u5b83\u4f1a\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5efa\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\nfor(let key in localStorage) {\n  alert(key); \/\/ \u663e\u793a getItem\uff0csetItem \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>hasOwnProperty<\/code>\u00a0\u68c0\u67e5\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u539f\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">for(let key in localStorage) {\n  if (!localStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {\n    continue; \/\/ \u8df3\u8fc7\u50cf &quot;setItem&quot;\uff0c&quot;getItem&quot; \u7b49\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u952e\n  }\n  alert(`${key}: ${localStorage.getItem(key)}`);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>Object.keys<\/code>\u00a0\u83b7\u53d6\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u201d\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u5b83\u4eec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let keys = Object.keys(localStorage);\nfor(let key of keys) {\n  alert(`${key}: ${localStorage.getItem(key)}`);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u540e\u8005\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u00a0<code>Object.keys<\/code>\u00a0\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u539f\u578b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4ec5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u952e\u548c\u503c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">localStorage.user = {name: &quot;John&quot;};\nalert(localStorage.user); \/\/ [object Object]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>JSON<\/code>\u00a0\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">localStorage.user = JSON.stringify({name: &quot;John&quot;});\n\n\/\/ sometime later\nlet user = JSON.parse( localStorage.user );\nalert( user.name ); \/\/ John\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u51fa\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u76ee\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u4e3a JSON.stringify \u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u683c\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5bf9\u8c61\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u7f8e\u89c2\nalert( JSON.stringify(localStorage, null, 2) );\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>sessionStorage<\/h2>\n<p><code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u6bd4\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\u3002<br \/>\n\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u9875\u9762\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e2d\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e0b\u7684 iframe \u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684\uff08\u5047\u5982\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u81ea\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6e90\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5728\u9875\u9762\u5237\u65b0\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5173\u95ed\/\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u3002<br \/>\n\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u2026\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">sessionStorage.setItem('test', 1);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u7136\u540e\u5237\u65b0\u9875\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">alert( sessionStorage.getItem('test') ); \/\/ after refresh: 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u6b64\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u65b0\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u00a0<code>null<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u672a\u627e\u5230\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u00a0<code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd8\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Storage \u4e8b\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u6216\u00a0<code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/html.spec.whatwg.org\/multipage\/webstorage.html#the-storageevent-interface\">storage<\/a>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>key<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u00a0<code>key<\/code>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u662f\u00a0<code>.clear()<\/code>\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u00a0<code>null<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>oldValue<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u65e7\u503c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u662f\u65b0\u589e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u00a0<code>null<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>newValue<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u65b0\u503c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u00a0<code>null<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>url<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u53d1\u751f\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7684 url\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>storageArea<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u53d1\u751f\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u6216\u00a0<code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<br \/>\n\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u00a0<code>window<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u00a0<code>window<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u9664\u5916\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<br \/>\n\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9875\u9762\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u6b64\u9875\u9762\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u90fd\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u00a0<code>window.onstorage<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u6863\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u5b58\u50a8\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\nwindow.onstorage = event =&gt; { \/\/ \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 window.addEventListener('storage', event =&gt; {\n  if (event.key != 'now') return;\n  alert(event.key + ':' + event.newValue + &quot; at &quot; + event.url);\n};\n\nlocalStorage.setItem('now', Date.now());\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\uff1a<code>event.url<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u53d1\u751f\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7684 url\u3002<br \/>\n\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c<code>event.storageArea<\/code>\u00a0\u5305\u542b\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61 \u2014\u2014\u00a0<code>sessionStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u00a0<code>event.storageArea<\/code>\u00a0\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u60f3\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u54cd\u5e94\u201d\u66f4\u6539\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u6e90\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7a97\u53e3\u4ea4\u6362\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/zh\/docs\/Web\/api\/Broadcast_Channel_API\">Broadcast channel API<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u6e90\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a API\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u652f\u6301\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e93\u57fa\u4e8e\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u6765 polyfill \u8be5 API\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>IndexedDB<\/h1>\n<p>IndexedDB \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u6bd4\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u5f3a\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6491\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u952e\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u548c\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\u00a0\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef-\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002IndexedDB \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u79bb\u7ebf\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0e ServiceWorkers \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u89c4\u8303\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/IndexedDB\">https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/IndexedDB<\/a>\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0cIndexedDB \u7684\u672c\u673a\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u57fa\u4e8e promise \u7684\u5305\u88c5\u5668\uff08wrapper\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jakearchibald\/idb\">https:\/\/github.com\/jakearchibald\/idb<\/a>\u00a0\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>async\/await<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u8981\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5305\u88c5\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u4ee3\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u7ec3\u4e60\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08events\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u4e86 IndexedDB \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u88c5\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5728\u54ea\u513f\uff1f<br \/>\n\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u4e00\u8d77\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528 IndexedDB\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u00a0<code>open<\/code>\uff08\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let openRequest = indexedDB.open(name, version);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>name<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5373\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>version<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\uff08\u4e0b\u9762\u89e3\u91ca\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6e90\uff08\u57df\/\u534f\u8bae\/\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f8\u4e92\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<br \/>\n\u8c03\u7528\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0<code>openRequest<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/li>\n<li><code>success<\/code>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\uff0c<code>openRequest.result<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\u201cDatabase Object\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>error<\/code>\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5df2\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7248\u672c\u5df2\u8fc7\u65f6\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\u6587\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>IndexedDB \u5177\u6709\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u201c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08scheme\uff09\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u201d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cIndexedDB \u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u65e0\u6cd5\u968f\u65f6\u90fd\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u4f4e\u4e8e\u00a0<code>open<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u7248\u672c\u5e76\u5347\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff08\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5176\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u00a0<code>0<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<br \/>\n\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002<br \/>\n\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684 IndexedDB \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let openRequest = indexedDB.open(&quot;store&quot;, 1);\n\nopenRequest.onupgradeneeded = function() {\n  \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5219\u89e6\u53d1\n  \/\/ ...\u6267\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316...\n};\n\nopenRequest.onerror = function() {\n  console.error(&quot;Error&quot;, openRequest.error);\n};\n\nopenRequest.onsuccess = function() {\n  let db = openRequest.result;\n  \/\/ \u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528 db \u5bf9\u8c61\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684 IndexedDB \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u7ea7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let openRequest = indexedDB.open(&quot;store&quot;, 2);\n\nopenRequest.onupgradeneeded = function(event) {\n  \/\/ \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u5c0f\u4e8e 2\uff08\u6216\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff09\n  let db = openRequest.result;\n  switch(event.oldVersion) { \/\/ \u73b0\u6709\u7684 db \u7248\u672c\n    case 0:\n      \/\/ \u7248\u672c 0 \u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n      \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n    case 1:\n      \/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7248\u672c\u4e3a 1\n      \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\n  }\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\uff0c<code>onupgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>0<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u652f\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff09\u548c\u9488\u5bf9\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u652f\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u5347\u7ea7\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u4e14\u4ec5\u5f53\u00a0<code>onupgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c<code>openRequest.onsuccess<\/code>\u00a0\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u624d\u7b97\u662f\u6210\u529f\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let deleteRequest = indexedDB.deleteDatabase(name)\n\/\/ deleteRequest.onsuccess\/onerror \u8ffd\u8e2a\uff08tracks\uff09\u7ed3\u679c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u65e7\u7684 open \u8c03\u7528\u7248\u672c\u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u6bd4\u00a0<code>open<\/code>\u00a0\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u9ad8\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u00a0<code>3<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5374\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u00a0<code>open(...2)<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u89e6\u53d1\u00a0<code>openRequest.onerror<\/code>\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u5f88\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684 JavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d JS\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5374\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u68c0\u67e5\u00a0<code>db.version<\/code>\u00a0\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u9875\u9762\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684 HTTP \u7f13\u5b58\u5934\uff08header\uff09\u6765\u907f\u514d\u4e4b\u524d\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u65e7\u4ee3\u7801\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6b64\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>\u5e76\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u63d0\u5230\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u548c\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u5176\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u5347\u7ea7\u5230\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\u3002<br \/>\n\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u800c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\u00a0\u548c\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\u3002\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5173\u95ed\u5bf9\u7248\u672c\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c<code>versionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5728\u201c\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u201d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u89e6\u53d1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u5bf9\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5efa\u8bae\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u8f7d\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u76d1\u542c\u00a0<code>versionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53bb\u5173\u95ed\u65e7\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<code>openRequest<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u00a0<code>blocked<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u00a0<code>success<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u884c\u5347\u7ea7\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5b83\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u00a0<code>onversionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u8fc7\u65f6\uff08\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u8be5\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let openRequest = indexedDB.open(&quot;store&quot;, 2);\n\nopenRequest.onupgradeneeded = ...;\nopenRequest.onerror = ...;\n\nopenRequest.onsuccess = function() {\n  let db = openRequest.result;\n\n  db.onversionchange = function() {\n    db.close();\n    alert(&quot;Database is outdated, please reload the page.&quot;)\n  };\n\n  \/\/ \u2026\u2026\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u597d\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u2026\u2026\n};\n\nopenRequest.onblocked = function() {\n  \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u4e86 onversionchange \u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u89e6\u53d1\n\n  \/\/ \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\n  \/\/ \u5e76\u4e14\u5728 db.onversionchange \u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c<code>db.onversionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u4f1a\u901a\u77e5\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u884c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>openRequest.onblocked<\/code>\u00a0\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u901a\u77e5\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u672a\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u00a0<code>db.onversionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u95ed\u4e4b\u524d\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4e0d\u5728\u00a0<code>db.onversionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>onblocked<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u65b0 tab \u9875\u4e2d\uff09\u6765\u63d0\u9192\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5176\u4ed6 tab \u9875\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u66f4\u65b0\u51b2\u7a81\u5f88\u5c11\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u81f3\u5c11\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u00a0<code>onblocked<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9ed8\u9ed8\u5361\u6b7b\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\uff08object store\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u5728\u00a0<code>IndexedDB<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u67d0\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<strong>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93<\/strong>\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u662f IndexedDB \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8868\u201d\u6216\u201c\u96c6\u5408\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u50a8\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n\u5c3d\u7ba1\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\nIndexedDB \u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/html53\/infrastructure.html#section-structuredserializeforstorage\">\u6807\u51c6\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5<\/a>\u00a0\u6765\u514b\u9686\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u00a0<code>JSON.stringify<\/code>\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b58\u50a8\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u00a0<code>JSON.stringify<\/code>\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u952e\u00a0<code>key<\/code>\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u952e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u6765\u641c\u7d22\/\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u65b0\u503c\u3002<br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702164905.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702164905.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"Pasted image 20240702164905.png\"><\/div><br \/>\n\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u00a0<code>localStorage<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u6dfb\u52a0\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0cIndexedDB \u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u952e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u952e\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u3002<br \/>\n\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">db.createObjectStore(name[, keyOptions]);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u00a0<code>await<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>name<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>&quot;books&quot;<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u4e66\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>keyOptions<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>keyPath<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0cIndexedDB \u5c06\u4ee5\u6b64\u8def\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>id<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>autoIncrement<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u00a0<code>true<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u952e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u9012\u589e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u00a0<code>keyOptions<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee5\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6b64\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>id<\/code>\u00a0\u5c5e\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">db.createObjectStore('books', {keyPath: 'id'});\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u88ab\u624d\u80fd\u88ab \u521b\u5efa\/\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5728 upgradeneedHandler \u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\/\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u65b0\u671f\u95f4\u521b\u5efa\/\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u3002<br \/>\n\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u4ece 1 \u5230 2\uff0c\u4ece 2 \u5230 3\uff0c\u4ece 3 \u5230 4\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7248\u672c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8001\u7248\u672c\u662f 2\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5347\u7ea7\u5230 4\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u7248\u672c\uff082 \u5230 3\uff0c\u7136\u540e 3 \u5230 4\uff09\u9010\u6b65\u8fd0\u884c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6216\u8005\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a\u4ee5\u00a0<code>db.objectStoreNames<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u73b0\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/html.spec.whatwg.org\/multipage\/common-dom-interfaces.html#domstringlist\">DOMStringList<\/a>\u00a0\u63d0\u4f9b\u00a0<code>contains(name)<\/code>\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5 name \u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6f14\u793a:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let openRequest = indexedDB.open(&quot;db&quot;, 2);\n\n\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\/\u5347\u7ea7 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u7248\u672c\u68c0\u67e5\nopenRequest.onupgradeneeded = function() {\n  let db = openRequest.result;\n  if (!db.objectStoreNames.contains('books')) { \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709 \u201cbooks\u201d \u6570\u636e\n    db.createObjectStore('books', {keyPath: 'id'}); \/\/ \u521b\u9020\u5b83\n  }\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">db.deleteObjectStore('books')\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08transaction\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u672f\u8bed\u201c\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08transaction\uff09\u201d\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u7528\u5230\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u8d25\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e70\u4e1c\u897f\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u4e2d\u6263\u9664\u8fd9\u7b14\u94b1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6e05\u5355\u4e2d\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u505c\u7535\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u975e\u5e38\u7cdf\u7cd5\u3002\u4e24\u4ef6\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u8981\u4e48\u90fd\u6210\u529f\uff08\u8d2d\u4e70\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u597d\uff01\uff09\u6216\u540c\u65f6\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u94b1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 IndexedDB \u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u542f\u52a8\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">db.transaction(store[, type]);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>store<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u4e8b\u52a1\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>&quot;books&quot;<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>type<\/code>\u00a0\u2013 \u4e8b\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>readonly<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u53ea\u8bfb\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>readwrite<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd \u521b\u5efa\/\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u6539 \u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u6709\u00a0<code>versionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u3002IndexedDB \u5728\u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u00a0<code>versionchange<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u521b\u5efa\/\u5220\u9664 \u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1f<br \/>\n\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u4e8b\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u00a0<code>readonly<\/code>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0<code>readwrite<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bb8\u591a\u00a0<code>readonly<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u52a1\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\uff0c\u4f46\u00a0<code>readwrite<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u00a0<code>readwrite<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u52a1\u4f1a\u201c\u9501\u5b9a\u201d\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u5f85\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e8b\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5e93\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let transaction = db.transaction(&quot;books&quot;, &quot;readwrite&quot;); \/\/ (1)\n\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\nlet books = transaction.objectStore(&quot;books&quot;); \/\/ (2)\n\nlet book = {\n  id: 'js',\n  price: 10,\n  created: new Date()\n};\n\nlet request = books.add(book); \/\/ (3)\n\nrequest.onsuccess = function() { \/\/ (4)\n  console.log(&quot;Book added to the store&quot;, request.result);\n};\n\nrequest.onerror = function() {\n  console.log(&quot;Error&quot;, request.error);\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\uff081\uff09\u8868\u660e\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>transaction.objectStore(name)<\/code>\uff0c\u5728\uff082\uff09\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\uff083\uff09\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u00a0<code>books.add(book)<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u2026\u2026\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42 \u6210\u529f\/\u9519\u8bef\uff084\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>put(value, [key])<\/strong>\u00a0\u5c06\u00a0<code>value<\/code>\u00a0\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u3002\u4ec5\u5f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u6ca1\u6709\u00a0<code>keyPath<\/code>\u00a0\u6216\u00a0<code>autoIncrement<\/code>\u00a0\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u63d0\u4f9b\u00a0<code>key<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u66ff\u6362\u8be5\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>add(value, [key])<\/strong>\u00a0\u4e0e\u00a0<code>put<\/code>\u00a0\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5219\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u00a0<code>&quot;ConstraInterror&quot;<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0e\u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<code>books.add(book)<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7b49\u5f85\u00a0<code>success\/error<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>add<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u00a0<code>request.result<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9519\u8bef\u5728\u00a0<code>request.error<\/code>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u4e8b\u52a1\u5e76\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u00a0<code>add<\/code>\u00a0\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f46\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4e8b\u52a1\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u518d\u8bf7\u6c42\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c 3.0 \u89c4\u8303\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u5728 2.0 \u4e2d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.javascript.info\/microtask-queue\">\u5fae\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217<\/a>\u00a0\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u8bbe\u4e8b\u52a1\u5728\u5176\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f53\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<br \/>\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u6b8a\u8c03\u7528\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e8b\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u539f\u5219\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u00a0<code>fetch<\/code>,\u00a0<code>setTimeout<\/code>\u00a0\u7b49\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002IndexedDB \u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4e8b\u52a1\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c<code>request2<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u00a0<code>(*)<\/code>\u00a0\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u53d1\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u8bf7\u6c42:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let request1 = books.add(book);\n\nrequest1.onsuccess = function() {\n  fetch('\/').then(response =&gt; {\n    let request2 = books.add(anotherBook); \/\/ (*)\n    request2.onerror = function() {\n      console.log(request2.error.name); \/\/ TransactionInactiveError\n    };\n  });\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u00a0<code>fetch<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e8b\u52a1\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u5b8f\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d\u5173\u95ed\u3002<br \/>\nIndexedDB \u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u539f\u56e0\u3002<br \/>\n\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c<code>readwrite<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u201c\u9501\u5b9a\u201d\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u00a0<code>books<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u4e0a\u7684\u00a0<code>readwrite<\/code>\u00a0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e0c\u671b\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u4e8b\u52a1\u201c\u6302\u8d77\u201d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5947\u602a\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<br \/>\n\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u00a0<code>(*)<\/code>\u00a0\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u00a0<code>db.transaction<\/code>\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u628a\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06 IndexedDB \u4e8b\u52a1\u548c\u201c\u5176\u4ed6\u201d\u5f02\u6b65\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u5f00\u3002<br \/>\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u00a0<code>fetch<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u4e8b\u52a1\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u6b63\u5e38\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u542c\u00a0<code>transaction.oncomplete<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let transaction = db.transaction(&quot;books&quot;, &quot;readwrite&quot;);\n\n\/\/ \u2026\u2026\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u2026\u2026\n\ntransaction.oncomplete = function() {\n  console.log(&quot;Transaction is complete&quot;); \/\/ \u4e8b\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ea\u6709\u00a0<code>complete<\/code>\u00a0\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5c06\u4e8b\u52a1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u4e2a\u522b\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 I\/O \u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u8bf7\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">transaction.abort();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53d6\u6d88\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cc\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u89e6\u53d1\u00a0<code>transaction.onabort<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5199\u5165\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u72af\u7684\u7c97\u5fc3\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0e\u4e8b\u52a1\u672c\u8eab\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u989d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u597d\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u53d6\u6d88\u6240\u6709\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u60f3\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8d25\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09\u5e76\u8ba9\u5b83\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53d6\u6d88\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u00a0<code>request.onerror<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u00a0<code>event.preventDefault()<\/code>\u00a0\u9632\u6b62\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u6b62\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u65b0\u4e66\uff0c\u952e (<code>id<\/code>) \u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u4e66\u76f8\u540c\u3002<code>store.add<\/code>\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<code>&quot;ConstraInterror&quot;<\/code>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u53d6\u6d88\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let transaction = db.transaction(&quot;books&quot;, &quot;readwrite&quot;);\n\nlet book = { id: 'js', price: 10 };\n\nlet request = transaction.objectStore(&quot;books&quot;).add(book);\n\nrequest.onerror = function(event) {\n  \/\/ \u6709\u76f8\u540c id \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u751f ConstraintError\n  if (request.error.name == &quot;ConstraintError&quot;) {\n    console.log(&quot;Book with such id already exists&quot;); \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\n    event.preventDefault(); \/\/ \u4e0d\u8981\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e8b\u52a1\n    \/\/ \u8fd9\u4e2a book \u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\uff1f\n  } else {\n    \/\/ \u610f\u5916\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\n    \/\/ \u4e8b\u52a1\u5c06\u4e2d\u6b62\n  }\n};\n\ntransaction.onabort = function() {\n  console.log(&quot;Error&quot;, transaction.error);\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u59d4\u6258<\/h3>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528 onerror\/onsuccess \uff1f\u5e76\u4e0d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u4ef6\u59d4\u6258\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>IndexedDB \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5192\u6ce1\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 \u4e8b\u52a1 \u2192 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f DOM \u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u6709\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5192\u6ce1\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u5192\u6ce1\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<br \/>\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u62a5\u544a\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>db.onerror<\/code>\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">db.onerror = function(event) {\n  let request = event.target; \/\/ \u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\n\n  console.log(&quot;Error&quot;, request.error);\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u62a5\u544a\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u00a0<code>request.onerror<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>event.stopPropagation()<\/code>\u00a0\u6765\u505c\u6b62\u5192\u6ce1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u505c\u6b62\u00a0<code>db.onerror<\/code>\u00a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">request.onerror = function(event) {\n  if (request.error.name == &quot;ConstraintError&quot;) {\n    console.log(&quot;Book with such id already exists&quot;); \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\n    event.preventDefault(); \/\/ \u4e0d\u8981\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e8b\u52a1\n    event.stopPropagation(); \/\/ \u4e0d\u8981\u8ba9\u9519\u8bef\u5192\u6ce1, \u505c\u6b62\u5b83\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\n  } else {\n    \/\/ \u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a\n    \/\/ \u4e8b\u52a1\u5c06\u4e2d\u6b62\n    \/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3 transaction.onabort \u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\n  }\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u641c\u7d22<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u503c\u6216\u952e\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684 \u201cbooks\u201d \u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u662f\u00a0<code>book.id<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u503c\u6216\u503c\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0<code>book.price<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u7d22\u5f15\uff08index\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u901a\u8fc7 key \u641c\u7d22<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u6309\u952e\u3002<br \/>\n\u652f\u6301\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u952e\u503c\u548c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u201d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5 \u2014\u2014\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/IndexedDB\/#keyrange\">IDBKeyRange<\/a>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u201c\u952e\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n<code>IDBKeyRange<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u5217\u8c03\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>IDBKeyRange.lowerBound(lower, [open])<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\uff1a<code>\u2265lower<\/code>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u00a0<code>open<\/code>\u00a0\u662f true\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u00a0<code>&gt;lower<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>IDBKeyRange.upperBound(upper, [open])<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\uff1a<code>\u2264upper<\/code>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u00a0<code>open<\/code>\u00a0\u662f true\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u00a0<code>&lt;upper<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>IDBKeyRange.bound(lower, upper, [lowerOpen], [upperOpen])<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a: \u5728\u00a0<code>lower<\/code>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0<code>upper<\/code>\u00a0\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c open \u4e3a true\uff0c\u5219\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u952e\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>IDBKeyRange.only(key)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u00a0<code>key<\/code>\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<br \/>\n\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7cbe\u786e\u952e\u503c\u6216\u952e\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u00a0<code>query<\/code>\u00a0\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/li>\n<li><code>store.get(query)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u6309\u952e\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u641c\u7d22\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>store.getAll([query], [count])<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u00a0<code>count<\/code>\u00a0\u7ed9\u5b9a\uff0c\u5219\u6309\u00a0<code>count<\/code>\u00a0\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>store.getKey(query)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u641c\u7d22\u6ee1\u8db3\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>store.getAllKeys([query], [count])<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u641c\u7d22\u6ee1\u8db3\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u00a0<code>count<\/code>\u00a0\u7ed9\u5b9a\uff0c\u5219\u6700\u591a\u4e3a count\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>store.count([query])<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u83b7\u53d6\u6ee1\u8db3\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u952e\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u91cc\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e66\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u00a0<code>id<\/code>\u00a0\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u00a0<code>id<\/code>\u00a0\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\nbooks.get('js')\n\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6 'css' &lt;= id &lt;= 'html' \u7684\u4e66\nbooks.getAll(IDBKeyRange.bound('css', 'html'))\n\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6 id &lt; 'html' \u7684\u4e66\nbooks.getAll(IDBKeyRange.upperBound('html', true))\n\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u4e66\nbooks.getAll()\n\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709 id &gt; 'js' \u7684\u952e\nbooks.getAllKeys(IDBKeyRange.lowerBound('js', true))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5bf9\u503c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u5185\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6309\u952e\u5bf9\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u662f\u6309\u7167\u952e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u641c\u7d22<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u7d22\u5f15\uff08index\uff09\u201d\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<br \/>\n\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684&quot;\u9644\u52a0\u9879&quot;\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u8be5\u503c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">objectStore.createIndex(name, keyPath, [options]);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>name<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u7d22\u5f15\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>keyPath<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u7d22\u5f15\u5e94\u8be5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>option<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>unique<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5982\u679c\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u00a0<code>keyPath<\/code>\u00a0\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u7ed9\u5b9a\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cd\u590d\u9879\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>multiEntry<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u53ea\u6709\u00a0<code>keypath<\/code>\u00a0\u4e0a\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\u624d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u89c6\u4e3a\u952e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u00a0<code>multiEntry<\/code>\u00a0\u4e3a true\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7d22\u5f15\u5c06\u4e3a\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u952e\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u6309\u7167\u00a0<code>id<\/code>\u00a0\u952e\u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u4e66\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0<code>price<\/code>\u00a0\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<br \/>\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5b83\u50cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u00a0<code>upgradeneeded<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">openRequest.onupgradeneeded = function() {\n  \/\/ \u5728 versionchange \u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\n  let books = db.createObjectStore('books', {keyPath: 'id'});\n  let index = books.createIndex('price_idx', 'price');\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u5c06\u8ddf\u8e2a\u00a0<code>price<\/code>\u00a0\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ef7\u683c\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u672c\u4e66\u4ef7\u683c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u552f\u4e00\u00a0<code>unique<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ef7\u683c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u591a\u5165\u53e3\u00a0<code>multiEntry<\/code>\u00a0\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<br \/>\n\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e93\u5b58\u91cc\u67094\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u00a0<code>index<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u786e\u5207\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702171348.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/levin.ink\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Pasted-image-20240702171348.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"Pasted image 20240702171348.png\"><\/div><br \/>\n\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a price \u503c\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff09\u4fdd\u5b58\u5177\u6709\u8be5\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u952e\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<br \/>\n\u7d22\u5f15\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u6301\u6700\u65b0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5173\u5fc3\u5b83\u3002<br \/>\n\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let transaction = db.transaction(&quot;books&quot;); \/\/ \u53ea\u8bfb\nlet books = transaction.objectStore(&quot;books&quot;);\nlet priceIndex = books.index(&quot;price_idx&quot;);\n\nlet request = priceIndex.getAll(10);\n\nrequest.onsuccess = function() {\n  if (request.result !== undefined) {\n    console.log(&quot;Books&quot;, request.result); \/\/ \u4ef7\u683c\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u4e66\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\n  } else {\n    console.log(&quot;No such books&quot;);\n  }\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>IDBKeyRange<\/code>\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u627e \u4fbf\u5b9c\/\u8d35 \u7684\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u67e5\u627e\u4ef7\u683c &lt;=5 \u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\nlet request = priceIndex.getAll(IDBKeyRange.upperBound(5));\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u6309\u7167\u88ab\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u4ef7\u683c\u00a0<code>price<\/code>\u00a0\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u90e8\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u4ef7\u683c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4ece\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u5220\u9664<\/h2>\n<p><code>delete<\/code>\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u627e\u8981\u7531\u67e5\u8be2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u00a0<code>getAll<\/code><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>delete(query)<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u8be2\u5220\u9664\u5339\u914d\u7684\u503c\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u5220\u9664 id='js' \u7684\u4e66\nbooks.delete('js');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ef7\u683c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u5220\u9664\u4e66\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u00a0<code>delete<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u627e\u5230\u4ef7\u683c = 5 \u7684\u94a5\u5319\nlet request = priceIndex.getKey(5);\n\nrequest.onsuccess = function() {\n  let id = request.result;\n  let deleteRequest = books.delete(id);\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">books.clear(); \/\/ \u6e05\u9664\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5149\u6807\uff08Cursors\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u50cf\u00a0<code>getAll\/getAllKeys<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a \u952e\/\u503c \u6570\u7ec4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u6bd4\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c<code>getAll<\/code>\u00a0\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u83b7\u53d6\u3002<br \/>\n\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n\u5149\u6807\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u5149\u6807\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u904d\u5386\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\/\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u662f\u6309\u952e\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5149\u6807\u6309\u952e\u987a\u5e8f\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5347\u5e8f\uff09\u904d\u5386\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">\/\/ \u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e getAll\uff0c\u4f46\u5e26\u6709\u5149\u6807\uff1a\nlet request = store.openCursor(query, [direction]);\n\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u952e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u503c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 getAllKeys\uff09\uff1astore.openKeyCursor\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>query<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u6216\u952e\u503c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u00a0<code>getAll<\/code>\u00a0\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>direction<\/code><\/strong>\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>&quot;next&quot;<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u5149\u6807\u4ece\u6709\u6700\u5c0f\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u5411\u4e0a\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&quot;prev&quot;<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a\u4ece\u6709\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&quot;nextunique&quot;<\/code>\uff0c<code>&quot;prevunique&quot;<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8df3\u8fc7\u952e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55 \uff08\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0a\u7684\u5149\u6807\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ef7\u683c\u4e3a 5 \u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u4ec5\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>\u5149\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u00a0<code>request.onSuccess<\/code>\u00a0\u591a\u6b21\u89e6\u53d1\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u89e6\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8fd9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5149\u6807\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let transaction = db.transaction(&quot;books&quot;);\nlet books = transaction.objectStore(&quot;books&quot;);\n\nlet request = books.openCursor();\n\n\/\/ \u4e3a\u5149\u6807\u627e\u5230\u7684\u6bcf\u672c\u4e66\u8c03\u7528\nrequest.onsuccess = function() {\n  let cursor = request.result;\n  if (cursor) {\n    let key = cursor.key; \/\/ \u4e66\u7684\u952e\uff08id\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09\n    let value = cursor.value; \/\/ \u4e66\u672c\u5bf9\u8c61\n    console.log(key, value);\n    cursor.continue();\n  } else {\n    console.log(&quot;No more books&quot;);\n  }\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5149\u6807\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>advance(count)<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5c06\u5149\u6807\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u00a0<code>count<\/code>\u00a0\u6b21\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>continue([key])<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5c06\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u81f3\u5339\u914d\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u952e\uff0c\u7d27\u63a5\u952e\u4e4b\u540e\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u503c\u5339\u914d\u5149\u6807 \u2014\u2014 \u8c03\u7528\u00a0<code>onsuccess<\/code>\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5149\u6807\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u00a0<code>undefined<\/code>\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5149\u6807\u662f\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u6807\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u6309\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u3002\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0a\u7684\u5149\u6807\u4e0e\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0a\u7684\u5149\u6807\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c \u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u6765\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0a\u7684\u6e38\u6807\uff0c<code>cursor.key<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u952e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4ef7\u683c\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>cursor.primaryKey<\/code>\u00a0\u5c5e\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u952e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let request = priceIdx.openCursor(IDBKeyRange.upperBound(5));\n\n\/\/ \u4e3a\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u8c03\u7528\nrequest.onsuccess = function() {\n  let cursor = request.result;\n  if (cursor) {\n    let primaryKey = cursor.primaryKey; \/\/ \u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\uff08id \u5b57\u6bb5\uff09\n    let value = cursor.value; \/\/ \u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08book \u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\n    let key = cursor.key; \/\/ \u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u952e\uff08price\uff09\n    console.log(key, value);\n    cursor.continue();\n  } else {\n    console.log(&quot;No more books&quot;); \/\/ \u6ca1\u6709\u4e66\u4e86\n  }\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>Promise \u5305\u88c5\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c06\u00a0<code>onsuccess\/onerror<\/code>\u00a0\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u76f8\u5f53\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u4ef6\u59d4\u6258\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u00a0<code>async\/await<\/code>\u00a0\u8981\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u591a\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u4fbf\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u5305\u88c5\u5668\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jakearchibald\/idb\">https:\/\/github.com\/jakearchibald\/idb<\/a>\u00a0\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.javascript.info\/promisify\">promisified<\/a>\u00a0IndexedDB \u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u5168\u5c40\u00a0<code>idb<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<br \/>\n\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>onsuccess\/onerror<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let db = await idb.openDB('store', 1, db =&gt; {\n  if (db.oldVersion == 0) {\n    \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n    db.createObjectStore('books', {keyPath: 'id'});\n  }\n});\n\nlet transaction = db.transaction('books', 'readwrite');\nlet books = transaction.objectStore('books');\n\ntry {\n  await books.add(...);\n  await books.add(...);\n\n  await transaction.complete;\n\n  console.log('jsbook saved');\n} catch(err) {\n  console.log('error', err.message);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86\u53ef\u7231\u7684\u201c\u7b80\u5355\u5f02\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u548c\u300ctry\u2026catch\u300d\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u4e00\u76f4\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u00a0<code>try..catch<\/code>\u00a0\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<br \/>\n\u672a\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u00a0<code>window<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u7684\u201cunhandled promise rejection\u201d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">window.addEventListener('unhandledrejection', event =&gt; {\n  let request = event.target; \/\/ IndexedDB \u672c\u673a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\n  let error = event.reason; \/\/  \u672a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0e request.error \u76f8\u540c\n  \/\/ \u2026\u2026\u62a5\u544a\u9519\u8bef\u2026\u2026\n});\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u201c\u975e\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e8b\u52a1\u201d\u9677\u9631<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e00\u65e6\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u00a0<strong>\u5fae\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\u00a0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u95f4\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u00a0<code>fetch<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5b8f\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ea\u662f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u5b83\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e promise \u5305\u88c5\u5668\u548c\u00a0<code>async\/await<\/code>\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u00a0<code>fetch<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let transaction = db.transaction(&quot;inventory&quot;, &quot;readwrite&quot;);\nlet inventory = transaction.objectStore(&quot;inventory&quot;);\n\nawait inventory.add({ id: 'js', price: 10, created: new Date() });\n\nawait fetch(...); \/\/ (*)\n\nawait inventory.add({ id: 'js', price: 10, created: new Date() }); \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>fetch<\/code>\u00a0<code>(*)<\/code>\u00a0\u540e\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<code>inventory.add<\/code>\u00a0\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u975e\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e8b\u52a1\u201d\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u65f6\u4e8b\u52a1\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u63d0\u4ea4\u5e76\u4e14\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u673a IndexedDB \u65f6\u76f8\u540c\uff1a\u8fdb\u884c\u65b0\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u4e8b\u60c5\u5206\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u51c6\u5907\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5148\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7136\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u83b7\u53d6\u672c\u673a\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5305\u88c5\u5668\u6267\u884c\u672c\u673a IndexedDB \u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u00a0<code>onerror\/onsuccess<\/code>\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de rejects\/resolves \u7ed3\u679c\u7684 promise\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c \u793a\u4f8b\u5728\u8fd9\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jakearchibald\/idb\">https:\/\/github.com\/jakearchibald\/idb<\/a>\u3002<br \/>\n\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u00a0<code>request<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u00a0<code>promise<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u00a0<code>promise.request<\/code>\u00a0\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u539f\u59cb\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">let promise = books.add(book); \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6 promise \u5bf9\u8c61(\u4e0d\u8981 await \u7ed3\u679c)\n\nlet request = promise.request; \/\/ \u672c\u5730\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\nlet transaction = request.transaction; \/\/ \u672c\u5730\u4e8b\u52a1\u5bf9\u8c61\n\n\/\/ \u2026\u2026\u505a\u4e9b\u672c\u5730\u7684 IndexedDB \u7684\u5904\u7406\u2026\u2026\n\nlet result = await promise; \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cookie, document.cookie Cookie \u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u4e32\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f HTT [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-front-end"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=744"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":745,"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/744\/revisions\/745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/levin.ink\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}